Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 11 Articles
Caesalpinia bonduc is one of the pantropical leguminous scandent shrubs which is very popular source of medicine since ancient period by the local people and is studied by several workers for their scientific use. Hence attempts have been made to take collect and compile the information about the traditional use of various parts of C. bonduc in various ailments, chemical constituents from various parts and the effective use of various extracts for treatment of different diseases. There are various ethnomedicinal records available regarding the use of different parts of C. bonduc. In recent years number of workers has made attempts to analyze and characterize the constituents of various parts of C. bonduc and to record their pharmacological activity. The review complies the efforts taken by various workers and enlists the phytoconstituents of C. bonduc including fatty acids, amino acids, glycosides, diterpenes, triterpines , sterols, steroidal saponin, flavinoids etc. Similarly pharmacological records include hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, hypolepidemic, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobical, antitumor, antimalerial, antistress, anticancer drug resistance, diuretic etc. activities of various parts of C. bonduc plant. It can be concluded that C. bonduc can become the best source of medicine in future on various ailments with further investigations....
Hyperlipidaemia is one of the metabolic disorders which can lead to fatal disease that is atherosclerosis. Long term use of allopathic drugs for hyperlipidaemia can lead to serious side effects. Hence Indian traditional drugs are investigated for treatment of hyperlipidaemia as they are safer. In present study one such plant Cyperus rotundus belonging to family Cyperaceae known as Musta or Nagarmotha, was claimed to be effective in medoroga, is investigated for attenuation on serum lipid profile. The hyperlipidaemia was induced to rats by giving high fat diet and the aqueous extract of rhizomes of the drug is given as drug intervention. The results demonstrate promising activity of the drug against hyperlipidaemia...
Background: Memory is one of the most complex functions of the brain and involves multiple neural pathways and neurotransmitter systems. Xanthium strumarium Linn. is a plant mentioned in Indian literature has been described to use for improvement of memory. Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Xanthium strumarium leaves on learning and memory in mice. Materials and Methods: Eight days treatment of XSE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) on learning and memory of aged mice were studied using elevated plus maze and passive avoidance paradigms. Effect of XSE on Scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.) induced amnesia was also studied in mice. To delineate the possible mechanism through which XSE elicits the anti-amnesic effects, we studied its influence on central cholinergic activity by estimating the whole brain acetylcholinesterase level in mice. Results: Pretreatment with XSE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) augmented acquisition and retention of memory of learned task as evidenced by decreased transfer latency and increased step down latency in elevated plus maze model and passive avoidance model, respectively. XSE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly attenuated amnesic deficits induced by scopolamine. XSE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) was significantly decreased brain acetylcholinesterase level in mice. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract Xanthium strumarium leaves has nootropic, antiamnesic and antiacetylcholinesterase activities and these actions are comparable to Piracetam, a known nootropic agent. Thus, present study substantiates the traditional claim of Xanthium strumarium use for improvement of memory....
The paper provides information on ethnobotanical plant species of Makkuva mandal of Vizianagaram district. The methodologies and approaches for this ethnobotanical work were followed as suggested by Jones (1941) Schultes (1960-62), Jain (1964-67), Croom (1983).Cotton (1996) and an intensive field work was undertaken in the selected habitations. A total 158 species representing 68 genera of 54 families of Angiosperms and one species of Pteridophyte have been recorded. Out of these 158 species 124 are dicots, 33 are monocots and one is pteridophyte. In these plants 49 are herbs, 30 are shrubs, 54 are trees and 25 are climbers. All the 158 species are used by the tribal people in various purposes i.e. 112 species are various ailments, 16 species are food, 16 species are wood, 9 species are economic and 5 plants are dyeing purposes. The triba people of Makkuva Mandal largely depend on herbal medicines, plants products for primary health care and their daily life....
Trichosanthes dioica has been used in tribal medicine as an anticonvulsant in north-east India since long time, but the pharmacological properties have not yet been studied. The present study investigated possible activities of the methanolic extract of Trichosanthes dioica on the central nervous system (CNS). The methanolic extract of aerial parts of Trichosanthes dioica (METD) obtained by Soxhlet extraction method was studied for its possible anticonvulsant effect. When tested in mice METD (600mg/kg) significantly reduce the lethality after 30 minutes as well as after 24 hours, and prolong the onset of convulsion to 6.6 ± 0.12 min (P < 0.05) and time to death to 26.2 ± 2.5 min (P < 0.05). This data indicates that it has some potential usefulness against the neurotoxicity which is responsible for death due to seizure produced by chemicals....
The study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Abutilon Indicum in mice. The Elevated Plus Maze model (EPM), Light and Dark Exploration model and Actophotometer were used to assess the anxiolytic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Abutilon indicum (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) and Diazepam (2mg/kg, i.p.) in mice. Abutilon Indicum extract produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in spontaneous locomotor activity, indicating its CNS depressant nature. Administration of Abutilon Indicum extract produced significant (p<0.05) increase in light box entries and total time spent in the light box as compared to control group. In Elevated Plus maze model, administration of Abutilon Indicum extract (200 & 400 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05) increase in open arm entries and duration of time spent in open arm. It also increased percentage preference to open arm as compared to vehicle treated control group. Thus from the results we can conclude that hydro alcoholic extract of Abutilon Indicum possesses good anxiolytic activity....
The present study deals with the investigation of the therapeutic efficacy of aqueous extracts of the plant Boerhaavia diffusa. The aqueous extract was used in three dose regimen viz. 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg body weight, in order to find out the dose dependent response of B.diffusa in liver disorder of anorexic goats. The degree of protection was measured in terms of improvement in various clinical as well as biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, Total Protein and Albumin. Present investigation suggests that B.diffusa at the dose of 600 mg/ kg body weight improves the level of various enzymes and clinical symptoms related to anorexia compared to other doses used....
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global public health problem, is now emerging as an epidemic world over. The number of diabetic patients would reach 366 million by the year 2030. India now has the world’s largest diabetic population, encompassing an estimated 35 million people out of an overall population of 1 billion and another 79 million people have impaired glucose tolerance. In just over 20 years (i.e. 2025) the country will have almost 200 million people (approximately 15% of the population) affected by diabetes or its precursor. Despite the introduction of hypoglycemic agents from natural and synthetic sources, diabetes and its secondary complications continue to be a major medical problem. Many indigenous Indian medicinal plants have found to be useful to successfully manage diabetes. One of the greatest advantages of traditional medicinal plants is that these are readily available and have no side effects. Even WHO has suggested the evaluation of the potential of plants as effective therapeutics agents, especially in areas in which we lack safe modern drugs. Aloe emodin (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and quercetin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) are reported to possess antihyperglycemic activity. In the present study, three different combinations in the ratio of 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70 of aloe emodin and quercetin were selected and the effect on plasma glucose level at different time intervals was evaluated on normal and glucose loaded rats. Animals treated with combination did not show significant reduction in the normal level of plasma glucose (p<0.01) when compared with control. In the oral glucose tolerance test , animals treated with aloe emodin and quercetin alone showed significant decrease in serum plasma glucose level (p<0.01) when compared with control. Hence, the results obtained in the present study indicate that combination of aloe emodin and quercetin has potential to improve glucose tolerance. Among all the combination groups, combination of aloe emodin and quercetin in the ration of 70:30 showed better antihyperglycemic activity than other combinations....
Medicinal plants contributes an important group of non-wood forest products. Large number of the world population uses plants as a source of medicine as Home-Remedy for curative purpose on most of the Health Illness. India has been one of the leading country in the development and practice of indigenous systems of medicine, particularly Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. The pharmacological potential of Punarnava is mentioned in books like Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, and Sushrita Samhita. Boerhaavia diffusa (Punarnava) is one of the most famous medicinal plants in the treatment of a large number of human ailments. This paper explains the evidence based information on the detail Morphology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological activity of this plant. In most instants leaf, stem and root extracts has been used to study various activities of the drug. It has many ethno botanical uses (the leaves are used as vegetable, analgesic, antioxidant, antidiabetic; the root juice is used to cure asthma, urinary disorders, leucorrhea, rheumatism, and encephalitis, immunomodulation, heapatoprotective), and many pharmacological potential of drug has been evaluated....
Ziziphus mauritiana lam. (Rhamnaceae) is traditionally used as contraceptive. The saponin fraction of the bark was screened for antifertility activity in proven female rats at 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600mg/kg body weight. The saponin fraction exhibited 100% antiimplantation and antifertility activity when given orally at 600mg/kg body weight. Furthermore, the saponin fraction prolonged significantly the estrous cycle(p<0.01) and the diestrous phase (p<0.01) of the rats. The saponin fraction also exhibited estrogenic activity tested in immature overiactomised female rats. The present study indicates that the saponin fraction of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. has antifertility effect....
Ashoka is the most ancient tree of India, generally known as a “ashok briksh”, botanist known as a Saraca asoca (Roxb.), De.wild or Saraca indica belonging family Caesalpinaceae. Medicinal herbs are moving from extreme to conventional use with a great number of people using remedies and health approaches free from side effects caused by synthetic chemicals. Saraca asoca is reported to contain glycoside, flavanoids, tannins and saponins. It is used as spasmogenic, oxytocic, uterotonic, anti-bacterial, anti-implantation, anti-tumour, anti-progestational, antiestrogenic activity against menorrhagia and anti-cancer. This review contains the Pharmacognostical account of various parts of plant, Phytochemical constituent and different reported pharmacological activity....
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